球钟算法与静态库动态库
This commit is contained in:
lzy
@@ -33,6 +33,11 @@
|
||||
|
||||
- 队列
|
||||
|
||||
练习：
|
||||
1. 表达式计算
|
||||
2. 球钟算法
|
||||
三个栈，1h，5min，1min。27个球，过了多久队列里又是1到27的顺序。
|
||||
|
||||
- 树状（1:N）
|
||||
|
||||
**递归**。**递归**转**非递归**。
|
||||
@@ -41,3 +46,178 @@
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## 静态库与动态库
|
||||
|
||||
- 静态库：
|
||||
- 私家车，可以不在标准的位置下。
|
||||
- 编译时引入，代码膨胀但是不影响运行时间。
|
||||
- 动态库（共享库）：
|
||||
- 只能在指定的路径。
|
||||
- 运行时引入，占用运行时间。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 静态库
|
||||
|
||||
`libxx.a`
|
||||
xx 指代库名
|
||||
|
||||
`ar -cr libxx.a yyy.o`
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
发布到
|
||||
`/usr/local/include`
|
||||
`/usr/local/lib`
|
||||
|
||||
`gcc -L/usr/local/lib -o main main.o -lxx`
|
||||
如果路径都是这个默认的，可省略。
|
||||
`-l`参数必须在最后，有依赖
|
||||
|
||||
`ldd -print shared libirary dependencies`
|
||||
打印所用到的动态库的内容
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
以链式双向链表的`lib2`为例。
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ ldd ./main
|
||||
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffffa3d0000)
|
||||
libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007fa6c123a000)
|
||||
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fa6c142b000)
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ gcc -c llist.c
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ ls
|
||||
llist.c llist.o Makefile
|
||||
llist.h main.c
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ ar -cr libllist.a llist.o
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ ls
|
||||
libllist.a llist.h main.c
|
||||
llist.c llist.o Makefile
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ sudo cp llist.h /usr/local/include
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ sudo cp libllist.a /usr/local/lib
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ gcc -o main main.c -lllist
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ ls
|
||||
libllist.a llist.h main Makefile
|
||||
llist.c llist.o main.c
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ ./main
|
||||
6 std6 90 59
|
||||
5 std5 62 27
|
||||
4 std4 49 21
|
||||
3 std3 86 92
|
||||
2 std2 93 35
|
||||
1 std1 77 15
|
||||
0 std0 83 86
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
5 std5 62 27
|
||||
4 std4 49 21
|
||||
3 std3 86 92
|
||||
2 std2 93 35
|
||||
1 std1 77 15
|
||||
0 std0 83 86
|
||||
```
|
||||
这时`main.c`路径下都不需要`llist.c`和`llist.h`了，`#include`时也从`"llist.h"`变为`<llist.h>`。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 动态库
|
||||
|
||||
`libxx.so`
|
||||
xx为库名
|
||||
|
||||
`gcc -shared -fpic -o libxx.so yyy.c`
|
||||
|
||||
发布到
|
||||
`/usr/local/include`
|
||||
`/usr/local/lib`
|
||||
|
||||
在`/etc/ld.so.conf`中添加路径
|
||||
`/sbin/ldconfig` 重读`/etc/ld.so.conf`
|
||||
|
||||
`gcc -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -o ... -lxx`
|
||||
如果路径都是这个默认的，可省略。
|
||||
|
||||
非root用户发布，可以自己定义一个位置，例如`~/lib`
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
cp xx.co ~/lib
|
||||
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH= ~/lib
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ ls
|
||||
llist.c llist.h main main.c Makefile
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ gcc -shared -fpic -o libllist.so llist.c
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ ls
|
||||
libllist.so llist.h main.c
|
||||
llist.c main Makefile
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ sudo mv libllist.so /usr/local/lib
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ sudo vi /etc/ld.so.conf
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ sudo /sbin/ldconfig
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ gcc -o main main.c -lllist
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ ./main
|
||||
6 std6 90 59
|
||||
5 std5 62 27
|
||||
4 std4 49 21
|
||||
3 std3 86 92
|
||||
2 std2 93 35
|
||||
1 std1 77 15
|
||||
0 std0 83 86
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
5 std5 62 27
|
||||
4 std4 49 21
|
||||
3 std3 86 92
|
||||
2 std2 93 35
|
||||
1 std1 77 15
|
||||
0 std0 83 86
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/list/linklist/double/lib2]$ ldd ./main
|
||||
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffd963ee000)
|
||||
libllist.so => /usr/local/lib/libllist.so (0x00007fda74025000)
|
||||
libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007fda73e44000)
|
||||
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fda7403a000)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
当动态库和静态库重名，会优先链接**静态库**。
|
||||
|
||||
以链式存储栈为例，`libstack`依赖`libllist`。
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/stack/list]$ ls
|
||||
llist.c main Makefile stack.o
|
||||
llist.h main.c stack.c
|
||||
llist.o main.o stack.h
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/stack/list]$ gcc -shared -fpic -o libstack.so stack.c
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/stack/list]$ ls
|
||||
libstack.so llist.o main.o stack.h
|
||||
llist.c main Makefile stack.o
|
||||
llist.h main.c stack.c
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/stack/list]$ sudo mv libstack.so /usr/local/lib
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/stack/list]$ sudo cp stack.h /usr/local/include
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/stack/list]$ code main.c
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/stack/list]$ ls
|
||||
llist.c main Makefile stack.o
|
||||
llist.h main.c stack.c
|
||||
llist.o main.o stack.h
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/stack/list]$ gcc -o main main.c -lstack
|
||||
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libstack.so: undefined reference to `llist_create'
|
||||
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libstack.so: undefined reference to `llist_fetch'
|
||||
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libstack.so: undefined reference to `llist_destroy'
|
||||
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libstack.so: undefined reference to `llist_insert'
|
||||
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/stack/list]$ gcc -o main main.c -lstack -lllist
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/stack/list]$ ./main
|
||||
./main: error while loading shared libraries: libstack.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/stack/list]$ sudo /sbin/ldconfig
|
||||
/sbin/ldconfig: Can't link /usr/lib/wsl/lib/libnvoptix_loader.so.1 to libnvoptix.so.1
|
||||
/sbin/ldconfig: /usr/lib/wsl/lib/libcuda.so.1 is not a symbolic link
|
||||
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/stack/list]$ gcc -o main main.c -lstack -lllist
|
||||
*[main][~/workspace/Linux-C-Notes/Chapter11/ds/line/stack/list]$ ./main
|
||||
6 stu6 90 59
|
||||
5 stu5 62 27
|
||||
4 stu4 49 21
|
||||
3 stu3 86 92
|
||||
2 stu2 93 35
|
||||
1 stu1 77 15
|
||||
0 stu0 83 86
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
添加动态库记得重载配置文件`sudo /sbin/ldconfig`!
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user